Sex differences orchestrated by androgens at single-cell resolution. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38600383/)

These scientists wanted to understand how the differences between male and female animals are influenced by a hormone called androgens. They studied over 2.3 million cells from different parts of a mouse's body to see how genes are expressed differently in males and females. They found that certain genes related to the immune system are expressed differently in males and females, and this difference is influenced by androgens. By looking at a large dataset of information from people, they also found that these differences in the immune system could be linked to certain diseases that affect males and females differently. This study helps us learn more about how androgens affect the differences between males and females and could help in developing treatments for diseases that affect one gender more than the other.

Li F., Xing X., Jin Q., Wang XM., Dai P., Han M., Shi H., Zhang Z., Shao X., Peng Y., Zhu Y., Xu J., Li D., Chen Y., Wu W., Wang Q., Yu C., Chen L., Bai F., Gao D. Sex differences orchestrated by androgens at single-cell resolution. Nature. 2024 May;629(8010):193-200. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07291-6. Epub 2024 Apr 10.