The molecular basis of sugar detection by an insect taste receptor. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38447670/)

These scientists wanted to understand why animals like insects are attracted to sugary substances and how they can tell the difference between different types of sugars. They focused on a specific receptor called Gr9 found in the taste buds of silkworms. This receptor helps insects detect and respond to sugars.

To study this, the scientists looked at the structure of the Gr9 receptor when it was empty and when it was bound to a specific sugar called D-fructose, which is found in fruits. They found that the receptor has a pocket that perfectly fits the shape and chemical structure of D-fructose, allowing it to activate the receptor.

The scientists also tested other sugars to see if they could bind to the Gr9 receptor. They discovered that while other sugars could bind to the receptor, only D-fructose was able to activate it. This was because D-fructose could interact with specific parts of the receptor that triggered a change in its shape, allowing it to open up and let ions flow through.

Overall, the scientists found that the specificity of the receptor to D-fructose was not just based on the shape of the pocket where the sugar binds, but also on how the sugar interacts with other parts of the receptor to activate it. This study helps us understand how insects are able to detect and respond to different sugars in their environment.

Gomes JVT., Singh-Bhagania S., Cenci M., Cordon CC., Singh M., Butterwick JA. The molecular basis of sugar detection by an insect taste receptor. Nature. 2024 Mar 6. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07255-w.