2023 summer warmth unparalleled over the past 2,000 years. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38744323/)

These scientists studied how hot the summer was in the Northern Hemisphere in the year 2023. They looked at temperature records from the past 2000 years to see if this summer was the hottest ever. They found out that 2023 was indeed the hottest summer in the Northern Hemisphere in the past 2000 years, and it was even hotter than what would normally be expected based on natural climate variability.

They compared the temperatures from the year 2023 to the coldest summer on record in the year 536 CE. They found that the difference in temperature between these two summers was almost 4 degrees Celsius, which is a lot!

The scientists think that the hot summer in 2023 was mostly caused by human activities like burning fossil fuels that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. They also mentioned that an El Nino event might have made the warming even more extreme.

Overall, this study shows that the Earth is getting hotter because of human actions, and it's important for countries around the world to work together to reduce carbon emissions to help stop this trend.

Esper J., Torbenson M., Buntgen U. 2023 summer warmth unparalleled over the past 2,000 years. Nature. 2024 May 14. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07512-y.