Formation of memory assemblies through the DNA-sensing TLR9 pathway. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38538785/)

These scientists wanted to understand how our brains remember things. They studied a specific group of brain cells in the hippocampus, which is a part of the brain that helps with memory. They found that when we learn something new, some of these brain cells can get damaged in their DNA, which is like the instruction manual for the cell. This damage can lead to the cells releasing some of their DNA and other molecules.

After the damage, the brain cells activate a special signal called TLR9, which helps with repairing the DNA. They found that when they blocked this signal in the brain cells, the ability to remember things was affected. This signal also helps with other important functions in the brain cells, like repairing DNA, making structures called cilia, and forming protective nets around the cells.

The scientists think that understanding how this signal works in the brain can help prevent problems with memory and brain function in the future. They believe that keeping this signal working properly could be a way to protect our brains from getting older faster, having mental health issues, or developing diseases like Alzheimer's.

Jovasevic V., Wood EM., Cicvaric A., Zhang H., Petrovic Z., Carboncino A., Parker KK., Bassett TE., Moltesen M., Yamawaki N., Login H., Kalucka J., Sananbenesi F., Zhang X., Fischer A., Radulovic J. Formation of memory assemblies through the DNA-sensing TLR9 pathway. Nature. 2024 Apr;628(8006):145-153. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07220-7. Epub 2024 Mar 27.