Probing entanglement in a 2D hard-core Bose-Hubbard lattice. (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38658761/)

These scientists wanted to understand how tiny particles called quantum systems can be connected or "entangled" with each other, and how this connection affects their behavior. They believe that this entanglement can help us understand how energy behaves in groups of quantum particles.

To study this, the scientists created a small grid of special quantum bits, or qubits, that can interact with each other. They made these qubits behave like a specific type of system called a 2D hard-core Bose-Hubbard lattice. By controlling these qubits, they were able to create different states where the qubits were entangled with each other.

The scientists then looked at how the entanglement changed as they moved through different energy levels of the system. They found that in the middle of the energy spectrum, the entanglement increased as they added more qubits, following a pattern called volume-law scaling. But as they reached the edges of the energy spectrum, the entanglement behaved differently, following a pattern called area-law scaling.

Overall, this study helped the scientists understand how entanglement works in these quantum systems and how it changes as the system's energy levels vary.

Karamlou AH., Rosen IT., Muschinske SE., Barrett CN., Di Paolo A., Ding L., Harrington PM., Hays M., Das R., Kim DK., Niedzielski BM., Schuldt M., Serniak K., Schwartz ME., Yoder JL., Gustavsson S., Yanay Y., Grover JA., Oliver WD. Probing entanglement in a 2D hard-core Bose-Hubbard lattice. Nature. 2024 May;629(8012):561-566. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-07325-z. Epub 2024 Apr 24.